ties

keno

How a Keno Payout Is Calculated

Keno payouts are set by the paytable and depend on how many spots you pick, how many of those numbers are drawn, and the size of your wager. The calculation is a fixed multiple of your stake, not a percentage of a growing pot.

keno

How a Keno Pay Table Is Calculated

Keno pay tables are built from the number of spots you pick, the number that hit, and the total combinations possible. Learn the arithmetic behind the listed prizes and why the house edge stays fixed regardless of the payout scale.

keno

How to Calculate Keno Odds

Learn the combinatorics behind keno payouts, how to calculate the probability of matching a given number of spots, and why the house edge stays fixed no matter which numbers you pick.

roulette

Calculating Expected Value on a Roulette Bet

Expected value shows the average result of a roulette bet over many spins, not what happens in one session. Learn the formula, how wheel type changes the edge, and why short-term results differ from the long-run average.

roulette

Calculating the House Edge on a Roulette Bet

Learn the arithmetic that gives the casino its built-in advantage on roulette, and why the calculation changes between European and American wheels.

keno

Calculating Keno Odds in Excel

A practical guide to building a keno odds calculator in Excel, from the combinatorics behind the game to the formulas that produce probabilities for any spot count.

slot machines

How Slot Probability Is Calculated

Slot odds come from reel layouts and symbol counts, not from a machine being due. Here is how to work through the arithmetic and why the result is always a long-run average.

slots

Reading a Gong Xi Fa Cai Slot Before You Spin

How a Gong Xi Fa Cai-style slot resolves each spin, what the paytable and information panel tell you, and what stake size and volatility do and do not change.