A new paper from researchers affiliated with Theta Labs, the Ethereum Foundation and StarkWare says the resources needed for a key computational stage in potential quantum attacks on Bitcoin and Ethereum are now estimated at more than 50% below an earlier figure published by Google Quantum AI. The proposed quantum circuit design would require about 1,151 logical qubits and roughly 1.3 million Toffoli gate operations, with a combined score of around 1.5 billion, compared with Google’s earlier estimate of about 3 billion. The work focuses on improving point addition within Shor’s algorithm, which in theory could let a sufficiently powerful quantum computer derive a private key from a public key. Jieyi Long, CTO of Theta Labs and one of the paper’s lead authors, said quantum attacks are not imminent at this stage, but migration to quantum-resistant systems would take years and could not be completed only after an attack begins.
Researchers from Theta Labs, the Ethereum Foundation, StarkWare and other institutions have published a new paper saying the resources required for a key computational stage in potential quantum attacks on Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) are more than 50% lower than an earlier estimate released by Google Quantum AI.
New resource estimate in the paper
The quantum circuit design proposed in the study would need about 1,151 logical qubits and roughly 1.3 million Toffoli gate operations to complete the calculation. The paper gives the design a combined score of about 1.5 billion, below Google’s earlier figure of around 3 billion.
Optimization targets point addition in Shor’s algorithm
According to the paper, the main improvement is in the point-addition step of Shor’s algorithm. In theory, that algorithm could allow a sufficiently powerful quantum computer to derive a private key from a public key.
Author says migration cannot wait until an attack happens
Jieyi Long, CTO of Theta Labs and one of the paper’s main authors, said quantum attacks are not imminent at present, but migration to quantum-resistant systems would take years and could not be done only after an attack occurs.
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